Sunday, 5 March 2023

New Question - What happened to the Scottish Monasteries?

The restoration of Pluscarden Abbey,
near Elgin (physically and spiritually).

Knox's 'battle cry' -  Pull down the nests and the rooks will fly away.

My historical knowledge is anglo-centric.  I know what happened to the English and Welsh monasteries.  That is well documented.  What happened to the many fine monasteries in Scotland where Henry VIII had no jurisdiction?

What I discover is that monasteries in Scotland were able out live their English counterparts, but only by about thirty years.  Jedburgh was dissolved (or secularised) in 1696.

In 1534, Henry VIII declared himself the supreme leader of the Church of England (which included Wales).  From 1536 to 1541 all the monasteries of England and Wales where closed.  Next came the Priories and Friaries.  These were harder to justify, given that Priories and Friaries were more 'outward focused' than monasteries.  But ultimately it was about the land and resources they represented, and the weakness of the 'Church' to do anything about it. 

1560 is the date for Scotland when the authority of the Popes was challenged by King James V, and Scotland  became Presbyterian.  A number of other factors all come together.  The Abbey buildings were vast and needed expensive upkeep.  The power of the Catholic Church was weak across Europe.  Henry VIII had shown James V of Scotland what you could do with more royal power.  Scotland needed to keep in step to protect itself.  Civil society was developing, and the place of the church in the community was not as critical as it had been.  Even so, there are lots of accounts of the hardship created by the loss of Monasteries, Priories and Friaries across the UK.

The first Monasteries and Priories to return to the UK occurred in the twentieth century.  The Benedictines of Pluscarden Abbey near Elgin were able to restore the old ruined buildings and return the site to it's original use. Iona Abbey is better known restoration which began in 1938.  Iona is an ecumenical community.  

Other interesting inhabited Abbeys in Scotland.

Dunfermline Abbey Church.

Inchcolm Abbey

Pailsey Abbey Church

Brechin Monastery

Culross Abbey

Torphichen Preceptory

Dunkeld Cathedral

Dunblane Cathedral


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